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| The Inca Empire at its greatest extent |
The Inca Empire (Quechua: Tawantinsuyu, literally "The Four Regions"), also known as the Inka Empire or Incan
Empire, was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The administrative,
political, and military center of the empire was located in Cusco in modern-day
Peru. The Inca civilization arose from the highlands of Peru sometime in the
early 13th century, and the last Inca stronghold was conquered by the Spanish
in 1572.
From 1438 to 1533, the Incas used a variety of
methods, from conquest to peaceful assimilation, to incorporate a large portion
of western South America, centered on the Andean mountain ranges, including,
besides Peru, large parts of modern Ecuador, western and south central Bolivia,
northwest Argentina, north and central Chile, and a small part of southern
Colombia into a state comparable to the historical empires of Eurasia. The
official language of the empire was Quechua, although hundreds of local
languages and dialects of Quechua were spoken. Many local forms of worship
persisted in the empire, most of them concerning local sacred Huacas, but the
Inca leadership encouraged the worship of Inti—their sun god—and imposed its
sovereignty above other cults such as that of Pachamama. The Incas
considered their king, the Sapa Inca, to be the "son of the sun."
Capital: Cusco
(1438–1533)
Languages: Quechua
(official), Aymara, Puquina, Jaqi family, Muchik and scores of smaller
languages.
Religion: Inca
religion
Government: Monarchy
Sapa Inca
- 1438–1471 Pachacuti
- 1471–1493 Túpac Inca Yupanqui
- 1493–1525 Huayna Capac
- 1525–1532 Huáscar
- 1532–1533 Atahualpa
Historical era Pre-Columbian:
- Pachacuti created the Tawantinsuyu 1438
- Civil war between Huáscar and Atahualpa 1529–1532
- Spanish conquest led by Francisco
Pizarro 1533
- End of the last Inca resistance 1572
Credits: Wikipedia
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